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DeadSwitch

On-Chain Crypto Inheritance Protocol

Your crypto earns yield while you're alive. It goes to your family when you're gone.

$600B+ in crypto is projected to become permanently inaccessible by 2026. 3.7M Bitcoin (20% of total supply) is already lost forever. 90% of holders worry about inheritance, but only 15% have a plan. DeadSwitch fixes this.

How It Works

  1. Create a Vault - Deposit ETH or ERC-20 tokens into your personal DeadSwitch vault
  2. Earn Yield - Your assets are deposited into Aave V3 and earn interest automatically
  3. Set Your Will - Choose who gets what: percentages, instant vs streamed over time
  4. Check In - Prove you're alive periodically (every 30, 60, 90 days, you choose)
  5. If You Stop - Warning > Grace Period > Automatic distribution to your beneficiaries
Owner checks in every 30 days
         |
         |  Check-in received
         v
    +---------+
    |  ACTIVE  |<------ checkIn() resets timer
    +----+----+
         |  Missed check-in
         v
    +---------+
    | WARNING |  7 days for owner to respond
    +----+----+
         |  Still no response
         v
    +--------------+
    | GRACE PERIOD |  72 hours, last chance
    +------+-------+
           |  No response
           v
    +--------------+
    | DISTRIBUTING |  Pulls from Aave, sends to heirs
    +------+-------+
           |
           v
    +--------------+
    |  COMPLETED   |  Vault empty, all funds distributed
    +--------------+

The Problem

Stat Source
3.7M Bitcoin (20% of supply) permanently lost Chainalysis 2024
$600B+ in crypto at risk of becoming inaccessible by 2026 Industry estimates
90% of crypto holders worry about inheritance Fidelity Digital Assets 2024
Only 15% have any estate plan for crypto Fidelity Digital Assets 2024
QuadrigaCX CEO death locked $240M in customer funds Real incident, 2019
Stefan Thomas forgot password to $200M+ in Bitcoin Real incident, ongoing

Existing solutions like Sarcophagus and Safe Haven pass encrypted keys to heirs, not actual assets. They're treasure maps, not treasure. If the heir doesn't know how to use a seed phrase, the crypto is still lost.

What Makes DeadSwitch Different

Feature Sarcophagus Safe Haven DeadSwitch
Holds actual assets No No Yes
Earns yield while alive No No Yes (Aave V3)
Automated distribution No No Yes (Chainlink)
Streamed inheritance No No Yes
Grace period safeguard No No Yes
No seed phrase sharing No No Yes
Multi-asset support No No Yes

Architecture

DeadSwitch.sol (Main Vault)
    |
    |-- YieldAdapter.sol ---- Aave V3 Pool (supply/withdraw)
    |
    |-- WillRegistry.sol ---- Beneficiary storage + 48hr timelock
    |
    |-- StreamEngine.sol ---- Time-released payments to heirs
    |
    +-- Chainlink Automation -- Monitors check-ins, triggers state changes

DeadSwitchFactory.sol ---- Deploys individual vaults per user
Contract Purpose
DeadSwitch.sol Core vault - state machine, deposits, withdrawals, check-ins, distribution
YieldAdapter.sol Wraps Aave V3 supply() / withdraw() - isolates yield logic
WillRegistry.sol Stores beneficiaries with 48-hour timelock on changes
StreamEngine.sol Linear payment streams for gradual inheritance distribution
DeadSwitchFactory.sol Factory pattern - deploys vaults for users in one transaction

Gas Optimization

Optimization Technique Savings
Storage packing 31 bytes packed into single Slot 0 1 SLOAD instead of 6
Immutables Contract references in bytecode 0 gas vs 2,100 gas per read
Transient reentrancy ReentrancyGuardTransient (EIP-1153) 200 gas vs 7,100 gas
Custom errors if/revert pattern Cheaper than require strings
Unchecked increments unchecked { ++i; } in loops Saves overflow check gas
SafeERC20 Handles non-standard ERC-20 tokens Prevents silent failures

Storage Layout:

IMMUTABLES (zero cost):  i_yieldAdapter, i_willRegistry, i_streamEngine
CONSTANTS (zero cost):   MAX_BENEFICIARIES, MIN/MAX_CHECKIN_INTERVAL, BASIS_POINTS

SLOT 0 (31 bytes):       s_state (1B) + s_lastCheckIn (6B) + s_stateChangedAt (6B)
                         + s_checkInInterval (6B) + s_warningPeriod (6B) + s_gracePeriod (6B)

SLOT 1:                  s_supportedTokens[]
SLOT 2:                  s_tokenExists mapping

TRANSIENT:               Reentrancy lock (100 gas read + 100 gas write)

Security

  • CEI Pattern - Checks-Effects-Interactions on every external function
  • Transient Reentrancy Guard - OpenZeppelin's ReentrancyGuardTransient
  • SafeERC20 - Handles fee-on-transfer and non-standard return tokens
  • 48-Hour Timelock - Will changes require 48-hour waiting period
  • Ownable with Disabled Transfer - transferOwnership and renounceOwnership are overridden to revert
  • Custom Errors - Gas-efficient error handling with descriptive revert reasons
  • State Machine Enforcement - Every function validates current state before execution
  • Slither Analysis - Static analysis on all contracts
  • Fuzz Testing - Foundry fuzz + invariant tests

Tech Stack

Layer Technology
Smart Contracts Solidity 0.8.28
Framework Foundry (forge, cast, anvil)
Yield Aave V3 on Arbitrum
Automation Chainlink Automation (Keepers)
Chain Arbitrum One
Testing Foundry (unit, fuzz, invariant, fork tests)
Security Slither, Aderyn
Token Standard ERC-20 (SafeERC20), ETH
Libraries OpenZeppelin Contracts (Ownable, ReentrancyGuardTransient, SafeERC20)

Getting Started

Prerequisites

Installation

git clone https://github.com/YOUR_USERNAME/deadswitch.git
cd deadswitch
forge install
forge build

Run Tests

# Unit tests
forge test

# Fork tests against live Arbitrum Aave
forge test --fork-url $ARBITRUM_RPC -vvv

# Fuzz tests
forge test --match-test testFuzz

# Coverage
forge coverage

Deploy

# Arbitrum Sepolia (testnet)
forge script script/DeployDeadSwitch.s.sol --rpc-url $ARBITRUM_SEPOLIA_RPC --broadcast --verify

# Arbitrum One (mainnet)
forge script script/DeployDeadSwitch.s.sol --rpc-url $ARBITRUM_RPC --broadcast --verify

Project Structure

deadswitch/
├── src/
│   ├── interfaces/
│   │   ├── IDeadSwitch.sol
│   │   ├── IYieldAdapter.sol
│   │   ├── IWillRegistry.sol
│   │   ├── IStreamEngine.sol
│   │   └── IDeadSwitchFactory.sol
│   ├── DeadSwitch.sol
│   ├── YieldAdapter.sol
│   ├── WillRegistry.sol
│   ├── StreamEngine.sol
│   └── DeadSwitchFactory.sol
├── test/
│   ├── unit/
│   │   ├── DeadSwitchTest.t.sol
│   │   ├── YieldAdapterTest.t.sol
│   │   ├── WillRegistryTest.t.sol
│   │   └── StreamEngineTest.t.sol
│   ├── fuzz/
│   │   └── DeadSwitchFuzz.t.sol
│   ├── invariant/
│   │   └── DeadSwitchInvariant.t.sol
│   └── fork/
│       └── AaveForkTest.t.sol
├── script/
│   └── DeployDeadSwitch.s.sol
├── foundry.toml
├── SECURITY.md
└── README.md

Deployments

Network Contract Address
Arbitrum Sepolia DeadSwitchFactory TBD
Arbitrum Sepolia DeadSwitch (impl) TBD
Arbitrum One DeadSwitchFactory TBD
Arbitrum One DeadSwitch (impl) TBD

Roadmap

  • Interface design and architecture
  • Storage layout optimization
  • Core vault implementation (DeadSwitch.sol)
  • Aave V3 integration (YieldAdapter.sol)
  • Beneficiary management (WillRegistry.sol)
  • Payment streaming (StreamEngine.sol)
  • Factory deployment (DeadSwitchFactory.sol)
  • Unit + fuzz + invariant tests
  • Fork tests against live Arbitrum Aave
  • Slither + Aderyn security analysis
  • Testnet deployment (Arbitrum Sepolia)
  • Mainnet deployment (Arbitrum One)
  • Frontend (Next.js + wagmi + viem)
  • Notification layer (email, push, Telegram)

Contributing

This is a personal project but PRs are welcome. If you find a bug or have an optimization suggestion, open an issue.

License

MIT

Acknowledgments

Built by Mahima Thacker, because your crypto shouldn't die with you.

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